Qumeran Caves - перевод на Английский
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Qumeran Caves - перевод на Английский

ANCIENT BUDDHIST CAVES IN INDIA
Pandav Leni Caves; Nashik Caves; Trirashmi Caves; Pandav Caves; Paandav Caves; Nasik caves; Pandavleni caves; Pandavleni Caves
  • Cave No.3 "Gautamiputra vihara" (circa 150 CE). [https://goo.gl/maps/6kmPAZjBE1MQapR97 3D Tour].
  • The two inscriptions of Gautamiputra Satakarni, written one after another. Cave No.3, Inscription No.4.
  • Cave No.10 "Nahapana Vihara" (circa 120 CE). [https://goo.gl/maps/WiVWaQcSMmq 3D tour].
  • Inscription No.11 by Dakhamitra, wife of [[Ushavadata]], in Cave No.10
  • Additional caves under the visitor's path at Pandavleni.
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  • Exterior. [https://goo.gl/maps/MSPpcHxFKRF2 3D tour].
  • Cave 20 plan.
  • Coin of [[Yajna Sri Satakarni]] (170-199 CE), in the 7th year of the reign of which the cave was completed. [[British Museum]].
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  • Karla]]-period [[Brahmi script]] for reference.
  • [[Karla Caves]] Chaitya pillars (left) compared to Pandavleni Caves Cave No10 pillars (right), all built by [[Ushavadata]], son-in-law of [[Nahapana]], circa 120 CE.
  • Cave No.18, the corner of cave No.17 is visible on the right. [https://goo.gl/maps/wBdVz4Pniq82 3D tour].
  • Cave No.18 doorway.
  • Cave No.17, "Yavana vihara" (circa 120 CE). [https://goo.gl/maps/xG9xT7zAu9k 3D tour].
  • Full inscription of Queen Gotami Balasiri (rubbing).<ref name="EI60"/>
  • Inscription of Sri-Pulumavi, Nasik cave No.3.
  • Inscription of Gautamiputra Satakarni, Cave No.3, Inscription No.4.
  • Inscription of Gautamiputra Satakarni, Cave No.3, Inscription No.5.
  • Part of the caves (Caves No.6 to No.8) at Pandavleni.
  • url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.56654#page/n75/mode/2up}}</ref>
  • The [[Indo-Scythian]] [[Western Satraps]] ruler [[Nahapana]] built Cave No.10 circa 120 CE.
  • Cave No.3 was completed and dedicated to the Samgha during the reign of Satavahana king [[Vasishthiputra Pulumavi]] (130–159 CE).

Qumeran Caves      
Qumeran Grotten
ice cave         
NATURAL CAVE, OFTEN LAVA OR LIMESTONE, CONTAINING PERCOLATED WATER AT TEMPERARURE ≤︎0°C.
Ice Cave; Ice caves; Ice cavern; Ice Cavern
ijsgrot (ruimte onder ijslaag)
cave dwellers         
  • Lukina Jama–Trojama]] cave system of [[Croatia]], is completely blind with a translucent shell
  • The cave beetle ''[[Leptodirus hochenwartii]]''
SPECIES THAT LIVES IN CAVES AND SIMILAR SUBTERRANEAN ENVIROMENTS
Troglobiont; Cave Dwellers; Adapted to life in caves; Troglophile; Eutroglobiont; Troglophiles
grot bewoners

Определение

cavern
['kav(?)n]
¦ noun
1. a large cave or chamber in a cave.
2. a vast, dark space.
Derivatives
cavernous adjective
cavernously adverb
Origin
ME: from OFr. caverne or from L. caverna, from cavus 'hollow'.

Википедия

Nasik Caves

The Nasik Caves, or Trirashmi Leni (Trirashmi being the name of the hills in which the caves are located, Leni being a Marathi word for caves), are a group of 23 caves carved between the 1st century BCE and the 3rd century CE, though additional sculptures were added up to about the 6th century, reflecting changes in Jainism devotional practices. The Jain sculptures are a significant group of early examples of Indian rock-cut architecture initially representing the Jainism tradition.

Most of the caves are viharas except for Cave 18 which is a chaitya of the 1st century BCE by Sunga dynasty. The style of some of the elaborate pillars or columns, for example in caves 3 and 10, is an important example of the development of the form. The location of the caves is a holy Jain site and is located about 8 km south of the centre of Nashik (or Nasik), Maharashtra, India. The Pandavleni name sometimes given to the Nasik Caves has nothing to do with the Pandavas, characters in the Mahabharata epic. Other caves in the area are Karla Caves, Bhaja Caves, Patan Cave and Bedse Caves.